English

愚かな人間の映し鏡

藤元明は、対話や協働のプロセスによるアートと社会の関わりによる次世代の社会変革の可能性を探る活動をしてきた。その表現はメディアにとらわれない。モノではなく行為そのものをアートにしてきた。その彼に、SOCIAL GOODとは何か…と問いかけた。地球温暖化やエネルギー問題、不均衡な経済格差等の一歩も後に引けない社会現実の中で、人々の意識と行動とのギャップに、アートはどう働きかけることが出来るのか…。彼との対話の中で、海洋ごみの問題に目を向ける企画が生まれた。

海洋ごみ(海ごみ)の問題は海にあるのではなく、陸の人間の「行動」によるものである。人々は、安い、軽い、便利という直近のメリットによりプラスチックを大量に消費し、図らずもそれがごみとなって海に流出している。論じられる海洋ごみの問題は、実態が数値に表れず、得体の知れないマイクロプラスチックの行方は目に見えない。海ごみに関する環境意識調査でも8割の人は海洋ごみ問題を意識しているが、自らの「行動」と海洋ごみの関連性に実感が伴わない。*1

藤元はそれらの現実と社会意識のギャップを可視化し作品としてきた。
今回の制作にあたり、藤元は海洋ごみが絶え間なく漂流する海岸線を歩き、ごみと向き合う人の声を拾い、ただ事実を集め、現実と向き合った。また科学的根拠を求めて、漂流する海流ごみのシミュレーションをアートにした。一見美しいイメージによるアプローチは感覚的に人の心を揺さぶり質感に訴える。
しかし、すぐにもその感覚は絶望に代わり、愚かな人間の非力を映す鏡となる。社会に善意を尽くしたいと願う自分は、環境を破壊する欲望の猛者でもある。

世界は戦争や震災により「破綻」と「復興」を繰り返し、そのたびに科学技術はイノベーションを起こしてきた。藤元ら70年代生まれの世代は、映画やアニメーションで繰り返される、循環のイメージが刷り込まれ、最期に「希望」を見せる物語を受容してきた。しかし、環境問題が悪化するスピードは人類と生命の歩みを遥かに超え、再生の前にエネルギーは枯渇し、人類が滅亡するのではないのかとさえ思える。藤元はそれを、悪者のいない絶望だという。向き合う絶望の先にある答えは未来にしかない。 この絶望にどう向き合うのか。誰にとっても他人事では無いはずである。社会生活にアートの関わりがなぜ必要とされるのか…。科学や政治、数学や経済だけでは解けない課題に対するアーティストからの真摯な「問い」に耳を澄ましたい。

*1 日本財団 海洋ごみに関する意識調査(2018年11月実施)より

岡部三知代(ギャラリーエークワッド 副館長/主任学芸員)

Japanese

A Mirror of Human Folly

Akira Fujimoto has been exploring the possibilities of next-generation social change through art that is involved in society through a process of dialogue and collaboration. Not limiting himself to any particular medium, he has made the act itself—rather than the object—into art. I put the question to him, “What is social good?” In a world where global warming, energy problems, and social inequality are do-or-die issues, how can art have an impact on the gap between what people think and what they do? This project highlighting the problem of marine garbage was the fruit of such discussions with Fujimoto.

The ocean debris (marine garbage) issue is not a problem of the sea, but rather one caused by the “behavior” of people on land. People consume large quantities of plastic because of its immediate benefits—it is cheap, lightweight, and convenient—and this plastic is unintentionally discharged into the sea as garbage. As for the marine garbage problem that is the subject of much discussion, the whereabouts of microplastic, a mysterious substance for which we have no concrete figures, are not visible. An environmental awareness survey on marine garbage showed that while 80% of people are aware of the ocean debris issue, they do not feel a connection between their own “behavior” and ocean debris. *1

Fujimoto's work has turned this gap between consciousness and reality into something visible.
For this production, Fujimoto walked along coastlines where ocean debris washes up constantly, speaking to people who are facing the issue head-on as he gathered facts and confronted the reality of the situation. With the aim of providing scientific evidence for his findings, he also created visual representations of simulations showing garbage drifting on ocean currents. His approach, which at first glance seems to be based on beautiful imagery, stirs us emotionally and appeals to our aesthetic sensibility.
This sensation, however, quickly turns to despair as we come to see the folly of human incompetence reflected back at us. I, a person with nothing but good intentions for society, am also a creature with a voracious appetite who destroys the environment.

As a result of wars, earthquakes, and other natural disasters, the world repeatedly goes through periods of “collapse” and “reconstruction,” but every time, science and technology have brought about new innovations. Fujimoto and other people of the generation born in the 1970's have had images of this cycle imprinted into them repeatedly through movies and anime, and have accepted these stories that end with a message of hope. However, the speed at which environmental problems worsen far exceeds the speed of human life, and one wonders if the world's energy will be depleted before it is regenerated, resulting in the destruction of humanity. This is what Fujimoto refers to as “despair with no one to blame.” What lies beyond the despair we face, only the future can say.
How do we face this despair? No one can say that this is not something that concerns them. Why does art need to be involved in social life? Let us listen attentively to the earnest “queries” put to us by artists on issues that cannot be solved by science, politics, mathematics, and economics alone.

*1 Source: The Nippon Foundation Awareness Survey on Ocean Debris (conducted in Nov. 2018)

Michiyo Okabe Vice director and chief curator, Gallery A4